U.S. Sanctions Mexico in Air Cargo Dispute: Sheinbaum Reacts

Mexico City, Mexico — The United States has imposed sanctions on Mexico following complaints from major U.S. cargo airlines, which accuse the Mexican government under President Claudia Sheinbaum of restricting essential air transport operations. The dispute centers on technical maneuvers critical to modern logistics: cotermination and aircraft repositioning.

According to documents from the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Mexico has blocked U.S. carriers from conducting non-revenue intradomestic flights—such as relocating empty aircraft between Mexican airports—in violation of the Bilateral Air Services Agreement between the two nations.

What Is Cotermination and Why Does It Matter?

Cotermination allows foreign airlines to make multiple stops within a country without collecting local cargo. For example, companies like FedEx or UPS could land in Monterrey, proceed to Guadalajara, and then fly to Miami with international shipments. This practice optimizes resources and reduces costs. However, Mexico’s Federal Civil Aviation Agency (AFAC) has not issued the necessary permits for these flights, a move the DOT claims breaches the bilateral agreement.

U.S. Response: Sanctions and Tighter Controls

In response to Mexico’s noncompliance, the Trump administration has taken action. Effective this month, the U.S. will require advanced notice for large charter flights originating from Mexico, a pressure tactic to enforce the agreement. Additionally, unscheduled charter flights will no longer be permitted, directly impacting Mexican airlines reliant on such logistical operations.

Mexico’s Stance: AFAC and Sheinbaum’s Position

AFAC confirmed it was notified of the issue on May 9 and subsequently reminded airport authorities of U.S. carriers’ rights. However, Washington asserts that full compliance has yet to be demonstrated. Sources close to Sheinbaum’s team say the president-elect views the sanctions as “excessive” and plans to engage directly with U.S. officials to mediate the dispute. No official statements have been released, but the diplomatic tension is expected to influence Mexico’s presidential transition.

Implications for Mexico

Beyond reputational damage, the sanctions could disrupt export logistics, e-commerce, and delivery timelines between the two countries. As the U.S.’s top trade partner in 2025, Mexico faces potential economic repercussions if the conflict escalates.