Mérida, Mexico — The massive arrival of sargassum seaweed has once again become a prominent issue in recent years, raising concerns among environmental specialists. However, scientists confirm that this biomass could present significant opportunities if properly utilized.
A Shift in Perspective
Dr. Beatriz Escobar Morales, a researcher at the Renewable Energy Unit of the Center for Scientific Research of Yucatán (CICY), explained that perceptions of sargassum have shifted in recent years—from being viewed as waste to being recognized as a bio-residue with multiple potential applications.
To reach this conclusion, researchers explored the use of sargassum extracts for green synthesis, an approach in chemistry that seeks environmentally sustainable production methods. This includes the creation of nanoparticles using platinum, silver, and copper for applications in energy and contaminated water treatment.
“Sargassum is rich in polysaccharides, alginates, and antioxidants. It contains many bioactive compounds that make it useful for the green synthesis of nanoparticles,” said Dr. Escobar.
Three Key Applications
The potential uses of sargassum span three major fields: cosmetics, agriculture, and clean energy.
“In agriculture, sargassum biochar can be loaded with nutrients like nitrogen. In the energy industry, it can be used as biofuel or in fuel cells,” the researcher explained.
Challenges in Implementation
Despite its potential, harnessing sargassum is not without obstacles. A robust infrastructure network is required to collect, transport, and process the seaweed in large volumes. Regulatory hurdles also exist, including a lack of clear guidelines on handling and permits for harvesting and commercializing sargassum.
“Some companies hesitate to invest due to fears that sargassum may not be available in a given year, leading to financial losses,” Dr. Escobar noted.
Nevertheless, she believes sargassum will remain a persistent presence. “I think sargassum will continue to arrive year after year, in varying quantities, but it will be here to stay.”
Ecological and Health Impacts
One of the most noticeable ecological effects of sargassum is the foul odor it emits as it decomposes, caused by hydrogen sulfide. While this gas can be toxic, Dr. Escobar clarified that it does not pose a serious health risk unless ingested.
“The most likely effect would be skin irritation from direct contact, but there is no major danger,” she said.
Current Projects
Several initiatives are already underway to repurpose sargassum, including the production of fertilizers, cardboard materials, paper products, and even construction materials.
As research continues, scientists remain optimistic about transforming this environmental challenge into a sustainable resource for multiple industries.
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