New Plan to Protect Bacalar Lagoon Without Tourism Bans

Bacalar, Quintana Roo — Experts and local officials are advocating for an alternative approach to managing tourism and environmental concerns in Bacalar Lagoon, dismissing proposals to designate it as a Protected Natural Area (ANP), Critical Habitat, or Ramsar Site.

A Shift in Regulatory Strategy

María Luisa Villarreal Sonora, a researcher with over 30 years of experience studying the Southern Quintana Roo Lagoon System, criticized the current evaluation of the lagoon’s carrying capacity as both a "technical and political error." She urged authorities to adopt more comprehensive, sustainable, and integrative methodologies that address the region’s challenges holistically.

The debate follows ongoing disputes between port authorities and tour operators over regulating nautical activities in the lagoon. Some environmental groups have pushed for ANP designation, but Villarreal Sonora emphasized that such restrictions would harm tourism, a vital economic driver for Bacalar.

"The lagoon is like a giant pool that requires maintenance and oxygenation to keep the water in good condition," she explained. "Since it lacks natural waves, the only way to oxygenate it is through movement. The less it moves, the worse its condition becomes."

Her proposal includes zoning the lagoon to prevent concentrated boat traffic in its central area.

Opposition to Restrictive Measures

Nicanor Piña Ugalde, coordinator of the Bacalar Pueblo Mágico Committee and a hotel entrepreneur, argued against designating the lagoon as an ANP, Critical Habitat, or Ramsar Site. He warned that such measures would contradict federal tourism initiatives, including the Maya Train project, the opening of the Ichkabal archaeological site, and infrastructure developments in Bacalar and Chetumal.

"If authorities enforce existing regulations firmly, there would be no need for restrictive measures," Piña Ugalde stated. "These would only create social crises and hinder tourism growth, which has become a major job creator in southern Quintana Roo."

Javier Padilla Balam, Bacalar’s municipal secretary, confirmed that while port authorities are considering boat regulations, the local government has ruled out ANP designation. "We are at a peak moment of growth for Bacalar’s residents, many of whom depend on lagoon tourism," he said. "A restrictive measure would be counterproductive, potentially forcing the removal of motorboats and even lakeside restaurants."

Business Sector Weighs In

Amir Padilla Espadas, president of the Canaco-Servytur Chetumal-Tulum, reiterated Governor Mara Lezama’s stance against establishing an ANP in Bacalar Lagoon, citing strong opposition from businesses, local communities, and residents.

"For over a decade, there has been firm resistance to any proposal involving an ANP or Ramsar designation," Padilla Espadas said. "What’s needed instead is stricter regulation of agrochemicals in Mennonite and sugarcane farming areas, along with improved drainage infrastructure and wastewater treatment plants."

The discussion continues as stakeholders seek balanced solutions to preserve Bacalar’s ecological integrity while sustaining its economic vitality.